Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after conducting tests and identifying the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is carried out to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor draws up a treatment regimen necessary to effectively combat the infection and prevent serious complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs, therefore modern antibiotics have a wide spectrum of action, which allows them to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is fosfomycin.
The antibacterial agent is available in powder form.This ensures its high bioavailability.The active ingredient destroys bacterial cells, relieving the main symptoms of the infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimum number of side effects allow fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
in acute
In case of an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.For this, modern antibiotics of proven effectiveness are used.
For acute cystitis, Monural is often prescribed.Its main component is capable of accumulating in the tissues of the urinary system and maintaining a therapeutic effect for a long period.In case of uncomplicated infection, a single application is sufficient.
For chronic
In case of chronic cystitis, an antibacterial agent should be selected more carefully, based on test data.Depending on the sensitivity of bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, form of release and dosage of the drug.
with blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, most often the patient is hospitalized and given injections of antibiotics.Hemorrhagic cystitis represents a great danger to health.Therefore, the treatment is carried out in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex treatment of cystitis, drugs from the fluoroquinolone group are often used.These are broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotics that can disrupt the DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms, such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, as well as anaerobic bacteria, show resistance to these substances.
For the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections, norfloxacin and ofloxacin are prescribed.The tablets have several contraindications.They should not be used by children under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, patients with kidney, liver and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in various forms: tablets, injectable solutions and powders, and in suspension form.The peculiarity of the drugs is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.In some cases, antibiotics from this group are prescribed even to young children.
Side effects of cephalosporins usually include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, your doctor may prescribe cephalexin monohydrate, cefixime, cefaclor, and ceftriaxone.
penicillins
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite extensive, since this type of antibiotic was created before others.The drugs affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of the infectious agent.However, a large number of species of pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these medications are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.For cystitis, ampicillin or amoxicillin may be prescribed.
Hydroxyquinolines
8-Hydroxyquinoline derivatives are characterized by an intense antimicrobial effect.These compounds interfere with the synthesis of DNA gyrase in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, stopping their reproduction.Nitroxoline, from the group of hydroxyquinolines, is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This remedy is prescribed when treatment with other medications has not given positive results.The antibiotic has many contraindications and can cause serious side effects, so it is strictly prohibited to use it without medical advice.
Quinolones
The group of quinolone drugs with a bactericidal effect was created on the basis of nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
The drugs of this series have proven to be effective uroantiseptics, therefore they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so it is advisable to undergo an examination before starting treatment.
nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes such popular tablets as nitrofurantoin and furazidine.
These drugs contain active components that are rapidly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate into the lesion and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.The medications stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty with using nitrofurans is that these medications cause unwanted reactions in the body.
macrolides
Medicines from the macrolide group are of natural origin and have minimal toxic effects on the human body, therefore they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
For inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder, tablets such as roxithromycin and azithromycin are effective.Its active ingredients destabilize the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
tetracyclines
Antibiotics from the tetracycline group are capable of destroying bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline medications are effective against infections caused by certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical field.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving test results.Doxycycline is most often used for cystitis.
Levomycetins
The main active ingredient included in drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are identical to those of the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic acts bacteriostatically.
However, several pathogens of urinary tract infections have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, the drug has many contraindications.Therefore, for the treatment of cystitis, levomycetin is prescribed only in cases where therapy with other drugs has not given a positive result.
Herbal remedies
To treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system, drugs of plant origin are used.
A natural remedy based on cranberries is very effective against urinary tract infections.The berry has a bactericidal and diuretic effect and helps strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are powerful drugs and have several contraindications.Using medications without consulting a doctor can have serious health consequences.During the treatment of an infectious lesion of the bladder, the recommendations of the urologist should be strictly followed, the dosage and duration of use of prescribed medications observed.
during pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated, since the active components cross the placental barrier and can cause malformations in the fetus.During pregnancy, herbal medications are often prescribed.The doctor selects antibacterial agents for the future mother individually, in cases where the benefit for the woman outweighs the potential risk for the child.
When breastfeeding
During breastfeeding, strong medications are also prohibited.Antibiotics used in the treatment of cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active ingredients are excreted with milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial nutrition for the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor.Several medications are contraindicated at a young age.Also, the dosage of the drug in most cases is calculated based on the weight of the child.
For men
The doctor always chooses the antibiotic taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the general state of health of the patient.
For men with acute hepatic, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other serious pathologies, several medications are contraindicated.Some antibiotics negatively affect potency and reproductive function.This must be taken into account when taking medications.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications affecting all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidneys and cause severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial urinary tract infection is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient did not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of drugs and the duration of treatment, then the pathogenic flora that caused the infection may develop resistance to the drugs and become chronic.In this case, it is extremely difficult to completely cure cystitis.Chronic infection contributes to general intoxication of the body and decreased immunity.
Reviews
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink fosfomycin.You only need one packet of powder.The next day, no symptoms.There are no side effects either.If I hadn't tried it myself, I wouldn't have believed that in just one day you could get rid of the pain, itching and constant trips to the bathroom.The product is expensive, but effective.
Cheap products can also fight infections well.This was demonstrated once again by fosfomycin and ofloxacin.I took an antibiotic and then a herbal medicine to enhance the effect according to the doctor's recommended regimen.The symptoms of inflammation disappeared quickly, I stopped running to the bathroom every half hour and returned to living a normal life.I simply had to take a probiotic treatment to avoid dysbiosis.I didn't notice any more side effects.